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Stroke
stroke
A stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients, leading to cell death. It can be ischemic (caused by a clot) or hemorrhagic (caused by bleeding). Symptoms include sudden numbness or weakness, especially on one side of the body, confusion, trouble speaking, vision problems, difficulty walking, and severe headache. Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Immediate medical treatment is crucial to minimize brain damage and improve recovery outcomes.
There are two main types of strokes:
Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type, accounting for about 87% of all strokes. It happens when a blood clot blocks or narrows an artery leading to the brain. The clot can form in the artery itself or travel from another part of the body.
Hemorrhagic Stroke: This occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, leading to bleeding in or around the brain. This can be caused by conditions such as high blood pressure, aneurysms, or head injury.
Treatment:
- Immediate treatment is crucial to minimize brain damage. For ischemic strokes, this may involve clot-busting drugs. For hemorrhagic strokes, surgery may be required to control bleeding.
- Rehabilitation to regain skills and functions affected by the stroke is often necessary, including physical, occupational, and speech therapy.